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ё߹۽ ೠ Ѥঀ ࠂࢎࠄ੉ ৈ۞ ѐ੉޲۽ ױࣽ൤ ݽٚ ؀୹ ۨ௏٘੄ ࠂࢎࠄਸ ೤࢑ೞݶ Ӓ ୨೤਷ 1
पઁ ؀୹୨ঘࠁ׮ ழ૑ӝ ٸޙ੉׮ ٮۄࢲ ೐۽Ӓېݠח п ؀୹ਸ ೠ ߣ݅ ҅࢑೧ঠ ೠ׮

҅கഋ ݽ؛੄ ೠ҅ܳ ೧Ѿೞӝ ਤ೧ ؘ੉ఠ ҙܻ दझమ ࢸ҅੗ٜ਷ ֎౟ਕ௼ ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛ दझ
మਵ۽ ׀ਸ ج۷׮ ਃҳ ࢎ೦ী ٮܲ ؘ੉ఠ߬੉झ੄ ઙܨ

֎౟ਕ௼ ؘ੉ఠ ҙܻ दझమ

֎౟ਕ௼ ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛਷ ۨ௏٘ р ݂௼ܳ ࢎਊೠ׮ח ੼ীࢲ ҅கഋ ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛җ ࠺तೞ׮ ೞ

૑݅ ҅கഋ ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛җ ׳ܻ ࠗݽ ۨ௏٘о ೞաࡺ੉ۄח ઁড਷ হ׮ ژೠ ೒ۖ ౵ੌ ؘ੉
ఠ ҙܻ दझమҗ ҅கഋ ؘ੉ఠ ҙܻ दझమҗ ׳ܻ ֎౟ਕ௼ ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛਷ झః݃৬ ؘ੉ఠ߬
੉झۄח ف о૑ ೙ࣻ ਃࣗܳ ыҊ ੓׮

֎౟ਕ௼ ؘ੉ఠ ҙܻ दझమ੄ ҳઑ

֎౟ਕ௼ח ࢲ۽ োѾػ ؘ੉ఠ ۨ௏٘۽ ҳࢿغয ੓׮ ৈӝࢲ ؘ੉ఠ ۨ௏٘ܳ ֢٘nodeۄ ೞ
Ҋ োѾ ੿ࠁܳ ী૑edge ֢٘৬ ী૑੄ ޘ਺ਸ Ӓې೐graphۄҊ ೠ׮ ֎౟ਕ௼ ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛਷
ী૑ܳ যڌѱ ࢎਊೞוջী ٮۄ ف о૑ ઺ਃೠ ઁড੉ ੓׮ ী૑ח ߑೱࢿਵ۽ ࠗݽ ੗ध ҙ
҅ܳ ಴അೠ׮ ੉۞ೠ ࠗݽ ੗ध ҙ҅ܳ ੌ؀׮one to many ҙ҅ۄҊ ೠ׮ Ӓܿ 1 6 ֎౟ਕ௼

ؘ੉ఠ ݽ؛ীࢲח ؀୹ ೠ Ѥী Ҋё ف ݺ੉ োѾػ Ѫ୊ۢ ࠗݽо ৈۤੌ ࣻ ੓׮ ژೠ ؘ੉
ఠܳ ࠂઁೞ૑ ঋҊب ؀୹ ف Ѥਸ о૓ ف ݺ੄ Ҋёਸ ಴അೡ ࣻب ੓חؘ ੉ܳ ׮؀׮many
to many ҙ҅ۄҊ ೠ׮

Ӓܿ ױߑೱ ী૑۽ ಴അೠ ࠗݽ ੗ध ҙ҅

Ҋё
273

ױߑೱ ী૑

؀୹
106

037